NAQSH-E RAJAB is an archaeological site about 12 km north of Persepolis in Fars Province, Iran.

Together with Naqsh-e Rustam, which lies less than a kilometer away, the site is part of the Marvdasht cultural complex. Together, the two sites are a tentative candidate for UNESCO World Heritage status.

Naqsh-e Rajab is the site of four limestone rockface inscriptions and bas-reliefs located in a sort of small hall, that date to the early Sassanid era.
One of the carvings is the investiture inscription of Ardeshir I (r. 226 - 241), the founder of the dynasty.
The second investiture inscription is Ardeshir's successor, Shapur I (r. 241 - 272).
A third bas-relief, known as 'Shapur's Parade' celebrates the king's military victory in 244 over the Roman emperor Valerian and Philip the Arab.
A fourth bas-relief and inscription is attributed to Kartir, high priest under Shapur I and his sons Hormizd I (r. 272 - 273) and Bahram I (r. 273 – 276).

NAQSH-E ROSTAM (meaning Throne of Rostam) is an ancient necropolis located about 12 km to the northwest of Persepolis, the capital of the former Achaemenid (Persian) Empire, and a few hundred meters from Naqsh-e Rajab.

Four colossal tombs of Persian kings, dating back to the first millennium BC (4th and 5th centuries BC), are carved out of the rock face at a considerable height above the ground.

The tombs are known locally as the "Persian Crosses", after the shape of the facades of the tombs. The entrance to each tomb is at the center of each cross, which opens onto to a small chamber, where the king would lay in a sarcophagus. The horizontal beam of each of the tomb's facades is believed to be a replica of the entrance of the palace at Persepolis.

One of the tombs is explicitly identified by an accompanying inscription as the tomb of Darius I the Great (c. 522-486 BC). The other three tombs are believed to be those of Xerxes I (c. 486-465 BC), Artaxerxes I (c. 465-424 BC), and Darius II (c. 423-404 BC) respectively. A fifth unfinished one might be that of Artaxerxes III, who reigned at the longest two years, but is more likely that of Darius III (c. 336-330 BC), last of the Achaemenid dynasts.

The tombs were looted following the conquest of the Achaemenid Empire by Alexander the Great.

After the fall of the Achaemenid Empire, no new tombs were made at Naqsh-e Rustam.
The Sasanians attempted to make a connection with the Achaemenids by carving reliefs on the rock walls of Naqsh-e Rustam. The subjects of the reliefs are varied, and were carved over between the 3rd and early 4th centuries AD by different Sasanian rulers.
Seven over-lifesized rock reliefs at Naqsh-e Rustam depict monarchs of the Sassanid period:

The triumph of Shapur I (c. 241-272)
The "grandee" relief of Bahram II (c. 276-293)
The two equestrian reliefs of Bahram II (c. 276-293):
The investiture of Narseh (c. 293-303)
The equestrian relief of Hormizd II (c. 303-309)

The oldest relief at Naqsh-e Rostam is severely damaged and dates to c. 1000 BCE.