While gathering his cows together this bull elk stopped and bugled a challenge to other bulls, a powerful and piercing sound that carried far across the valley. Elk facts: Bull elk engage in ritualized mating behaviors during the rut, including posturing, antler wrestling (sparring), and bugling, a loud series of screams which establishes dominance over other males and attracts females. The bugle call is one of the most distinctive calls in nature.

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