= The family Nymphalidae with around 6,000 known species worldwide is quite cosmopolitan, and is the most diverse family of butterflies.
The subfamilies count ranges between 8 to 25, depending upon the sources. However, there is consensus for some 12 sub-families
having remained relatively stable the past few years; but on-going study / research could always make future changes possible.
Also called Brush-Footed butterflies because the adults forelegs are small, hairy and resemble tiny brushes, and are not used for walking.
Some common names within this group are Emperors, Admirals, Tortoiseshells, and Fritillaries. Monarchs are also found in this family.
Butterflies in this family vary considerably in appearance, but in addition to their reduced forelegs: generally are also characterized by:
-A) medium to large in size and brightly and/or uniquely marked;
-B) the pattern of wing veins of the forewing is unique; and
-C) the rigid antennae are tipped with little knobs, called clubs.
Interesting traits of some members of this family include lengthy migrations, territoriality, and the ability to overwinter as adults.
== These thumbnail photos below, open to Galleries that are each dedicated to a specific species of butterfly. Lots to see! ==
~~[abreviation "ncn" in titles = no common name. ~~ Some photos replaced as better images are acquired.]