Hanging out 'in camp', lots of great reading |
Another meal overlooking Kilauea Iki crater |
Incredible local sweet potatoes, "lady finger" bananas |
Kilauea Iki cinder/ash cone and crater |
Halema'uma'u plume and resultant "vog" volcanic fog |
Kilauea Iki ("little Kilauea") cinder/ash cone (1959) |
Coring of crater floor to see if lava solidified |
Scientific instruments on Mauna Ulu (1974 eruption) |
Lava gets its way, also called "repaving" |
Wrinkles folding on pahoehoe surface |
Whirly surface |
Guts! Or is it brains? |
You decide what this looks like |
Ropey pahoehoe surface flow |
Surface cools, interior keeps flowing |
Smooth flow with turbulent center surface |
Pahoehoe & heinous-travel loose a'a on R |
Pahoehoe and a'a are essentialy identical chemically |
Flow channel, small lava tube formed within |
Larger lava flow channel |
Spatter along edge of lava channel |
Irridescence in lava rock |
Reticulite, like pumice, but more extreme |
The tree island mentioned in my story |
Tree isl w/i subdivision, smoking lava |
This (distant) was my 1st crossings (story) |
Future "tree molds" when trees are gone |
Flightseeing, one of many I hid from (story) |
Hot, sooty travel up the left edge by that house |
The smoky nasty a'a I crossed |
Large lava tube hidden below surface |
Lava tube below feeds the 3 "ocean entries" |
Easy-travel, metallic-smelling pahoehoe |
Halema'uma'u plume foretelling wind shift, park closure |
This was a wonderful sighting! |
Hot springs, like most volcanic areas |
Imua, who helped me learn about coconuts |
I wrestled the fibers off, he cracked lid with rock |
What a novelty, the ultimate in fresh coconut milk |
The "meat" is soft, slippery, jelly-like, tasty |
Imua using his coconut hook |
Using piece of outside to scrap up the "meat" |
Machetes work great to open coconuts |
Ate a week's worth of saturated fat this morning |
Coconut grove by coast |
Decades or more of harvest debris |
How they sprout |
Kapaho tide pools |
Sub-pool on old lava |
Coral and striped fish |
Sea urchins eating holes into coral |
Great snorkeling here |
Beautiful! despite lame photo |
Great to be here at low tide |
More myterious coral |
Some kind of brain coral(s?) |
WHAT is this? Renee says "pencil urchin". Thx! |
Tree molds from burned out trees |
Another tree mold |
These were along/below the above tree island |
Base of a "lava tree": lava stuck, mostly fell off |
Lava tree many decades later |
Bigger lava tree now overgrown |
Lava tree still with tree! 1974 flow |
Can see the bark imprint |
Some of the lava stuck, some fell off |
Spatter on this one: next to fissure |
This was an O'hia forest, native tree |
Lava might have flowed back into source |
Can see the fissure where the lava flowed from |
Hmm |
Spatter around crack that lava shot out from |
Another cool spatter cone and source-hole |
Spatter directly related to giraffe color patterns |
Pu'uO'o, w/ wind as wish it had been that night (see story) |
Offical viewpoint for "ocean entries" |
Pu'uO'o is source of all the flowing lava |
All 3 ocean entries from the other side |
Ken and others filming ocean entry |
Waves hitting the flow shoots up lava blobs |
On-site, blobs look like blobs, not steaks |
We were less than 50m away |
Great to be out with a volcanologist |
This area officially off limits to public |
Amazing sounds accompanied the visuals |
Radiant heat (look at skyline) showing hole site |
Skylight (puka) in roof of lava tube |
Gases escape as lava flows to ocean |
Have to approach from upwind: heat, gases |
Check out the lava-cicles! |
Tossing in rocks to see the flow |
Moving maybe 4-5mph? |
Rock gives eye focal point in the brightness |
So fun! |
Still molten close to surface |
Another skylight nearby |
The other 2; less stable edges |
View into fiery interior, prob 1800-1900F |
Ken in his heat protection suit |
Gathering samples for chemical analysis |
Dumping the samples out to cool |
Gathering samples of a sublimate (sublimated) |
Rainforest switchback |
'Ohelo, a vaccinium, like huckleberry |
O'hia tree, early colonizer |
O'hia flowers; dominant native tree |
Lentana; problematic alien |
Pothos-related giant coastal plants |
Pothos-related, coastal forest |
Ti, planted for good luck at house doorsteps |
Wonderful dense rich rainforests |
Giant tree ferns, native; beautiful |
Tree fern frond, 1.5m in length |
Tree fern fiddleheads, 1.5m tall or so |
Tree fern fiddlehead, bigger than my palm |
Buckhorn fern, native, much smaller |
Rhizome-like buckhorn fern fiddlehead |
Buckhorn fern takes over |
Am'u fern, early colonizer of cooling lava |
Steam vent with common offerings to Pele |
Introduced but non-problematic orchid |
Lava makes roads into trails |
Funny to find chunks of road in backcountry |
Ubiquitous warnings |
Steam vents: hydrogen sulfide and more |
I returned one night to the ocean entries |
Flash almost hides orange just below this surface |
Flowing lava on L, ocean-entry action on right |
This was my return now that knew hazards |
This 'break-out' was near an ocean entry |
This time I was alone to enjoy the magic |
Was actually orange, not purple |
Flowing close to me, I hid frm heat behind ledge |
Slow motion tip of flow, banged on it with a rock |
Sounds were capitivating: creak, pop, snap |
Smells too, metallic, acrid but not nasty |
Watched this slowly irregularly move, for half hour |
Flow stops in one place, restarts elsewhere |
More distant view |
How it might have looked by day |
Should be orange. Night is best viewing |
Visual, sound, scent, heat... all encompassing |
Yay! Made it back to car before light |
Halema'uma'u sub-crater in main Kilauea crater |
This is the new eruption: ash, gas (sulfer dioxide) |
Of great scientific attention: what will it do? |
Wind change blew toxic gas to populous area, park closed |
Another night hike, Halema'ma'u crater |
400' above the crater, alive and kicking |
This further exploded a few times in April |
Cultural site in Park |
Historic and current(?) use |
These are petroglyphs: chipped into rock |
(not pictographs: drawings) |
Most were simple little holes |
Read sign for purpose of holes |
Maybe 2 kids from one family? Twins? |
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These I found on coast. 2-3' across |
Relentless crashing waves... |
...erode the basalt cliffs |
Holei Sea Arch, one of many |
When sitting on the edge above... |
... and a big wave comes crashing... |
...you sometimes feel the rock actually vibrate! |
Waves flow into lava tube and back out |
People fish from these cliffs! |
Lava landscape in Volcanoes National Park |
Different flows, slowly plants recolonize |
A'a and pahoehoe flows, alien grass takes over |
Harder for a'a to be colonized |
Evidence of Polynesian settlement (trees) |
Mass acreage of terrain like this |
Another tree island on fault scarp (pali) |
These tree islands provide seeds to colonize lava |
Pahoehoe and a'a difference mostly flow temp |
Another repaving job, road re-routed |
Common warnings |
Little lava tube in roadcut |
Collapsed lava tube ceiling; hard access |
Lava flowed back into this fissure |
Looking out from one of MANY lava tubes |
Crawled out of this slot! |
Imagine the river of lava flowing within |
Bifurcation within the flow; common |
Not all tubes are smooth easy travel like this! |
Some lava back-flow; easy access |
This one in coastal forest |
The entrance into the 'special' cave (see story) |
Tubes emptying into sea, lava bench failure exposed them? |
\\\\\Waves pouring into that same special cave.JPG |
Lava-cicles, iron colored, gypsum crystals? |
From Kazumura Cave, Harry said gypsum crystals |
Different kinds of lava-cicles |
Close up; can see where one broke off |
Roots reaching down into old lava tubes |
Magnesium ferrite coating |
More of the common, beautiful metallic coating |
40-mile long cave, this entrance on private land |
Harry ready to give a really good cave tour |
Entering Harry and Elloise's cave section |
He built this door after vandalism incident |
He and parents lightly developed cave section for tours |
Gypsum crystals (orange is flashlite beam) |
Iron bumps. Relatively well-studied cave |
Some sort of bacteria |
Slime molds |
This is human introduced bacteria |
Another cool unknown bacterial colony |
This cave is actually very well studied |
Lava drips |
Formed in calm air/gases |
Convective gas currents caused the weirdness |
Gas winds blow these out of line |
'Floaters' in the lava stuck to ceiling |
That MgFe coating slipping; rare |
Close-up of rare magnesim ferrite coating slip |
Drips aligned by floaters breaking off others |
Chocolate drips! |
Awaiting the results for what this is |
Important not to touch features |
Rare effects of super-powered convective wind |
These fins point uphill to flow, toward skylight gas vent |
Lobes related to eddies in lava currents |
Fins on eddy lobes. These are all rare features |
Eddy chain within lava flow |
Eddy and gas current features |
Possibly a floater attached on ceiling? Or eddy |
Meter across; probably related to current turbulence |
Mongoose got in, not out. (Bird-killing alien) |
Another destructive alien trapped in cave. Oink |
Harry leaving their entrance to cave |
Too Much Fun! |