The Museum of Aviation in Belgrade was founded in 1957 and is located at Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport. The current facility opened to the public on May 21, 1989. The main collection is housed in an architecturally noteworthy geodesic-based glass building, with addition aircraft displayed on the surrounding grounds.

The museum owns over 200 aircraft that have been operated by the Yugoslav Air Force, from gliders to helicopters to jet fighters. At any given time, around 50 are on display inside the building. A few of the aircraft on display are the only surviving examples of their type, including the Fiat G.50. The museum also displays relics of US and NATO aircraft shot down during the 1990s Balkans conflicts, including wreckage from a US F-117 Nighthawk stealth fighter.

In addition to actual aircraft, the museum is home to an extensive aviation image and video archive which documents the history of aviation in Serbia (Yugoslavia).