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Phil Douglis | all galleries >> Galleries >> Gallery Fourteen: Expressing the meaning of buildings and structures > The Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Spain, 2004
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01-SEP-2004

The Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Spain, 2004

The Guggenheim, Frank Gehry’s architectural masterwork, has been likened to a beached ship or a gigantic flower. I photographed it from across the Nervion River on an overcast afternoon, when it looked more like a medieval castle wearing 21st century armor. I have seen many photographs of this building but never one like this. Why? Because most photographers prefer to shoot buildings in just after dawn or at dusk, when the light is warm and textures show brilliantly. Or else at night, when light abstracts and color astounds. But I was not given any choice in the matter. When to shoot the Guggenheim was out of my control, because I was on a tour that spent only a few hours there. As the fates would have it, the skies were leaden. As any travel photographer on a tour can tell you, you play the hand that you’ve been dealt, and try to get the most out of it. I immediately realized that context would have to replace beauty as my point. So I hiked across a bridge and took a position opposite the museum, using the shimmering Nervion River as reflective base for my image. I then noticed that although the skies over Bilbao were dark, there were still clouds at work in the sky. So I waited for a dark cloud to approach the amazing curved titanium panels that Gehry uses to cover the building. When it got close enough to echo the thrust of Ghery’s panels, I made this photograph.
I used my spot meter to expose for light playing the towering central panel – the only one panel that seems to picking up a reflection at this time of day. (You can see another, much closer image of this central panel in my Gallery Two on Incongruity). My shot gives the building its brooding, medieval look by abstracting most of its detail except for that panel, and stressing its shape instead. A close study also reveals tiny people walking past the museum on the other side of the river, adding scale incongruity and showing just how big this museum building really is. (The neighboring building and arch at the right are not part of the Guggenheim, but they are exhibition halls. You can view the striking reflective surface of one in my Gallery 12 on Color.) This picture of the Guggenheim Museum would not make a pretty postcard image because its dark, coppery colors defy viewer’s expectations. I don’t think the museum would want to use it in its promotion, either, because overcast days don’t really show off the reflective qualities of Gehry’s panels. (See my discussion of that in my Gallery One on Abstraction.) Yet I feel that this image does tell a story. It becomes an abstraction that excites the imagination, making us think of other things and allowing the viewer to fill in his or her own details. It speaks of its huge scale, and makes a visual reference to Spain’s own historical context -- its massive ancient castles and fortresses standing guard across great moats. This picture defies convention and takes a few chances, a fitting match for Gehry’s daring, controversial architecture. What does my picture say about this building to you? Please leave your own comments, questions, and suggestions below so I can respond and we can all learn more from them. Thanks.

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Phil Douglis24-Sep-2005 02:51
It is always an honor when a student of architecture adds a comment to one of my architectural studies. Thanks, Sonia, for your useful comments on Marek's and Benchang's observations.
Guest 31-Aug-2005 19:19
Dear Phil,
I see you really like the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, there're a lot of examples you created on this single building! Just two comments regarding the commentaries below :
Re : Merek - Yes, Gehry did try to make something that resembles nature, his ideas come from the scales of a fish, the curvy form when it swims. Which when I read the comments, I said to myself, ah, yes, I can see that in the reflections in the water!
Re : Benchang - Phil seems to know everything that Gehry did ... the titanium shingles were picked as the coating material because it changes color in the rain, it changes into a soft pinkish gold color which could never been seen in the sunny sky. (oh, and that's why this building costs so much money)
Phil Douglis05-Apr-2005 05:06
You have made some very helpful observations here, Benchang. Overcast skies can provide light that is every bit, if not even more, effective than pure sunlight. As you point out, it helps abstract the building and define its shape. The water is also critical here, not just in terms of form, but also because it gives the building its context as a stylized sailing ship. I am sure that its architect, Frank Gehry, is a student of light -- his huge panels are designed to reflect it and change the appearance of the building as the light itself changes. As for the popularity of this image, I am glad you think it is the most liked in the gallery. I never regard my images in terms of their popularity -- I prefer to look at each of them as an individual expression of an idea . In terms of sheer number of "hits," my image of Hong Kong Harbor athttp://www.pbase.com/pnd1/image/31309876 , has drawn almost three times the attention on pbase that this picture has, yet both images are equally valuable to me in terms of expression.
Benchang Tang 05-Apr-2005 01:22
So far this is the most liked picture in this gallery. The weather you had is actually is benificial since the colour is so harmonious( I even wonder the auther of the building took consideration of the local weather condition two). In Suzhou the buildings in the gardens, with their wooden structures and roofs, mostly are in subdued color while in the north they are in more "singing" colors and we liken them to different colors of the sky. In this picture the "over-exposed" sky makes the contour outline of the building sharp and thus more out-standing. The foreground of the water is the "key". The dryness and harshness of the guilding is well alleviated. The picture reminds me of the book called "Water and Architecture" photographed by Jane Lidz.
Phil Douglis26-Sep-2004 00:14
Good point, Bruce. Wishing never made a picture happen. As you say, work with what is given to you. We have enough choices in vantage point and exposure control to make up for a dreary afternoon in Bilbao. I got my castle!
Guest 25-Sep-2004 17:48
Best to "play the hand we're dealt". Rather than wishing for different conditions or a better time of day, you made a very moody and dramatic image. The modern structure looks foreboding - like a medieval castle. Perhaps the "californian cauliflower" has achieved context after all?
Phil Douglis21-Sep-2004 18:20
Thanks, Anna. Your version seems a bit darker in the sky and a bit lighter on the museum than my version. As to which is better, it comes down to what you are trying to say and what I am trying to say. I prefer the darker museum, but could easily go along with you sky, which still retains that "creative hot spot" as Marek implies below. Thanks,
Phil
Anna Yu21-Sep-2004 18:01
Here you go
Phil Douglis21-Sep-2004 17:38
You put your finger here on something that been gnawing at me for the last day or so -- Anna's comment about the "over-bright sky" in this picture had set my mind to work on the role of sky as symbol. Anna, of course, is looking at this picture in technical terms when she made that comment. You are I are looking at it terms of its meaning. Your comment resolved my anxieties here --there can still be meaning in nothing -- which of course is what over-bright sky is. The key, of course, is that this is not an entirely over-bright sky. Parts of it are quite gloomy. As you say, the over-bright part of it -- the "hot spot" as you call it -- stands out in contrast as a symbol of something we can aspire to. In the case of this picture, which is about Ghery's creative vision, that hot spot symbolically represents, as you say, a creative light. Thanks, Marek, for point this out. I hope Anna can agree, too.
Guest 21-Sep-2004 10:30
What I like about this interpretation of the museum is that (I presume) it fulfills the architectural vision of Gehry, namely to make something man-made resemble nature. This is achieved through the reflection which thanks to the weather and time of day has got just the right amount of ambiguity of shape to suggest being a reflection of natural objects rather than man-made ones. I think this is key to the 'is the sky too bright?' argument; 'Normally' in 'reflection' shots we are told to use devices eg ND grads to compensate for the film's overexposure of the sky. I suppose that's ok, providing your story is about direct symmetry. In this case, the idea is to create a 'contrasting reflection' or a 'reflecting contrast' (sounds a little paradoxical, I know), between the 'organic soup' and the precision-guided manifestation of human thought. The hot spot is the creative light we aspire to.
Phil Douglis20-Sep-2004 21:00
Thanks, Anna, for this comment. As for that over-bright sky, that is what I found and that is what Bilbao is. (As a resident of Sweden, you are very familiar with drab, washed out skies.) In travel photography, I avoid doing things with Photoshop to change facts such as this, because I don't want my picture to lie. I have tried to make that sky work to my benefit here -- it doesn't bother me at all. But if you want to try to work on it with Photoshop and give us your own interpretation of my picture, be my guest!
And thanks again.
Anna Yu18-Sep-2004 07:12
The shadowy details give an unusual effect, almost like a picture taken at midnight. This picture gives me a feeling of .... familiarity, the weather looks like that all the time here (well, nearly). The small size of the people is great. The sky is over bright.
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