The construction works of the first line of the walls were started probably around 1280. In effect, a 1,200-meter-long (3,900 ft) wall encircled the surface of 8.5 hectares. The fortification included numerous towers and turrets (the majority of them had a rectangular shape). The inner ring was built before 1339. In 1379, as a result of a special privilege, Prince Janusz I the Elder, made the townspeople responsible for the maintenance of the town walls. According to the second privilege (of 1413) between the second half of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century, the outer ring was raised. The second line was about 4 meters shorter, yet approximately 0.6 m thicker. The whole construction was surrounded by a 4-meter-deep (13 ft) moat.The Barbican was designed by Jan Baptist the Venetian and built in 1548. The youngest element of the city’s fortification. Divides the New and Old Towns. Nowadays a major tourist attraction and summer art gallery. Back in the 16th century, it was well equipped for modern warfare.