Nagasaki (pop. 419,000) is one of the most well-known Japanese city for Westerners. That is where the first Europeans arrived in the 16th century, but also the only port that remained opened to foreign trade during Japan's two and a half centuries of seclusion. Finally, it is were the second atomic bomb was dropped by the United States on 9 August 1945, bringing the Second World War to an end (see Hiroshima). Source www.jref.com