Nanjing (Chinese: 南京) is the capital of Jiangsu province in China and has a prominent place in Chinese
history and culture, having been the capital of China on several occasions. Its present name means "Southern Capital".
Located in the lower Yangtze River drainage basin and Yangtze River Delta economic zone, Nanjing has long been
one of China's most important cities. It is recognized as one of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China.
It was the capital of Sun Quan's Wu during the Three Kingdoms Period and the capital of the Republic of China
prior to its flight to Taiwan during the Chinese Civil War.
On December 13, 1937, the Japanese army occupied Nanjing. It is widely accepted that during the first six to eight weeks
of their occupation, the Japanese army committed numerous atrocities, including rape, arson, and mass executions.
The Memorial Hall commemorates the people killed in the Nanjing Massacre by the Japanese army.